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Diana inquest

2008 04 08

More than a decade after her fatal car crash, a jury at an inquest into the death of Princess Diana has reached its long-awaited verdict. The six-month inquest at London's High Court, overseen by coroner Lord Justice Scott Baker, began on 2 October 2007.
 
The jury returns a majority verdict that Princess Diana and her companion Dodi Al Fayed were unlawfully killed due to the gross negligence of their driver, Henri Paul, and the paparazzi. The jury also specifies that Mr Paul's drink-driving and a lack of seatbelts contributed to their deaths.


Farce, drama, and secrets
Diana's fears for her life
Princess Diana's relationship with Dodi Fayed
Hasnat Khan
Fayed's rant
The conspiracy theory
The 'pregnancy'
The 'engagement'
The MI6 plot
The 'accomplices'
The paparazzi
The humiliation of Paul Burrell
William and Harry welcome verdict after jury blames paparazzi and Paul
Tragic waste of time and money
See also


Farce, drama, and secrets
By Gordon Rayner 08/04/2008

The inquest into the death of Diana, Princess of Wales was undeniably flawed, and arguably a waste of money, but the unprecedented examination of the last days of the most famous woman of her generation provided fascination, drama and farce over the course of six extraordinary months. From Mohamed Fayed's unforgettable rant against the Royal family (or Nazis, as he would say) to the humiliation of Paul Burrell, who may now face a perjury investigation over the "red herrings" he says he put into his evidence, the 11 jurors at the Royal Courts of Justice had ringside seats at the most dramatic inquest ever heard in a British court. Had it not been for Mohamed Fayed, and his determination to prove that the Princess and his son Dodi Fayed wer

Diana's fears for her life

Princess Diana repeatedly expressed fears that the Prince of Wales planned to "get rid of her" by arranging a car crash. During a meeting with her lawyer Lord Mishcon at Kensington Palace in October 1995, the Princess said "reliable sources" had told her that: "Efforts would be made, if not to get rid of her, be it by some accident in her car, such as pre-prepared brake failure or whatever... at least to see that she was so injured or damaged as to be declared 'unbalanced'." Two years also she had sent a note to her butler Paul Burrell saying: "This particular phase in my life is the most dangerous - my husband is planning 'an accident' in my car, brake failure & serious head injury in order to make the path clear for him to marry Tiggy. Camilla is nothing but a decoy, so we are all being used by the man in every sense of the word."

The Princess even changed her Audi car because she feared the brakes had been tampered with. She also believed that one of her protection officers had been murdered and arranged for her apartments to be swept for bugs because she believed her telephone lines were being monitored. However the coroner pointed out that Princess Diana's claims that Prince Charles wanted to marry the former Royal nanny Tiggy Legge-Bourke - as well as a claim that the Queen was about to abdicate - proved wildly wide of the mark, showing her "reliable" sources were nothing of the sort.

Princess Diana's relationship with Dodi Fayed

Although several close friends of the Princess suggested Dodi Fayed was no more than a holiday fling, letters she wrote to him in the days before she died suggested a much deeper affection. Addressing him as "Darling Dodi", the Princess sent him a pair of cufflinks which were the last thing her late father ever gave her, and sent "all the love in the world and a million heart-felt thanks for bringing such joy into this particular chick's life". Princess Diana's stepmother, Raine, Countess Spencer, said the Princess was "deeply and blissfully" in love with Mr Fayed, and believed they would have married, but Rosa Monckton, one of her closest confidantes, suggested Mr Fayed was just a "distraction" to help her get over the end of her relationship.


Hasnat Khan

The man Princess Diana called "Mr Wonderful", the heart surgeon Hasnat Khan, was portrayed by many of her friends as the love of her life, and the man she dearly wanted to marry. It had been widely reported in the past that Mr Khan had broken off their two-year relationship in the summer of 1997 because he could not cope with the attention of the world's media, prompting speculation that her romance with Dodi Fayed was no more than a calculated attempt to make Mr Khan jealous and reel him back in. But in a statement to the inquest Mr Khan, who now lives in Pakistan, gave a different version of events. He said it was the Princess, not him, who had ended their relationship, and suggested she had dumped him after falling for Mr Fayed. He said that after returning from a holiday with the Fayeds, he felt she had "met someone else from the Mohamed al Fayed contingent... at a second meeting, she said it was all over between us, but she denied there was anyone else".

Paul Burrell also told the inquest the Princess had asked him to talk to a priest about the possibility of her marrying Mr Khan in secret, which the surgeon dismissed as "a ridiculous idea".


Fayed's rant

n what surely ranks as one of the most extraordinary testimonies ever given in a British courtroom, Mohamed Fayed unleashed a non-stop tirade against the "Dracula" Royal family, and in particular the "Nazi" Duke of Edinburgh, who had ordered Princess Diana's "murder". The Prince of Wales was also in on the plot, which enabled him to marry his "crocodile wife" Camilla Parker Bowles. In Mr Fayed's parallel universe, the Duke of Edinburgh "rules the country behind the scenes" and his "real" name ends in "Frankenstein". Among those the Harrods boss accused of being part of the conspiracy were Tony Blair, MI6, two former Scotland Yard commissioners, French police and medics, the Princess's sister, Lady Sarah McCorquodale, and several of her close friends.

The Princess told him in a phone call hours before her death that she was expecting a baby and was about to announce her engagement to Dodi, said Mr Fayed. The numerous friends of Princess Diana who said she was definitely not pregnant were all "lying", he added. He told barristers: "You are talking a lot of rubbish. You are trying to protect the Establishment, the intelligence services and Scotland Yard for something they have done - the crime of the century." But Mr Fayed signally failed to produce a jot of evidence to back up his wild claims, leading the coroner to question his "credibility".


The conspiracy theory

Mohamed Fayed claimed Princess Diana and Dodi Fayed were assassinated by MI6 on the orders of the Duke of Edinburgh to prevent them marrying and having a Muslim baby. He maintained that Henri Paul, the driver of the Mercedes, was paid by MI6 to drive into the Alma tunnel, where the car was ambushed using a combination of a white Fiat Uno driven by paparazzo James Andanson and a blinding 'stun' flashlight of a type described by the ex-spy Richard Tomlinson. CCTV cameras along the route had been turned off to make sure there was no footage of the assassination, said Mr Fayed, and dozens of officials, ranging from Tony Blair to the French medical team who treated the Princess then took part in a cover-up. One by one, the key planks of the conspiracy theory were toppled as the hearing progressed.


The 'pregnancy'

A post-mortem examination on Princess Diana's body showed that she was not pregnant, but Mr Fayed claimed the post-mortem results were faked and that the Princess was 'illegally' embalmed in Paris to prevent any pregnancy tests being carried out when her body was flown home. In fact, staff at the Pitie-Salpetriere hospital, where the Princess died after two hours of surgery, said her body was decomposing so quickly in the August heat that they had no choice but to embalm her so that the body was in a reasonable condition by the time Prince Charles arrived later in the day. Regardless of the hospital tests, staff on Mr Fayed's yacht, the Jonikal, said the Princess had been on the Pill during a cruise with the Fayeds before her death, and her friend Rosa Monckton said the Princess had her period ten days before the crash.


The 'engagement'

Dodi Fayed bought a ring from the Paris jewellery store Repossi just hours before the crash. It was from a range called 'Dis Moi Oui' (tell me yes) and was described on the receipt as an "engagement ring". But there was no evidence the ring was given to Diana before she died, and the Princess had told Rosa Monckton she needed marriage "like a rash on the face". When the Princess suspected Mr Fayed was about to give her a ring, Miss Monckton told her it would "firmly go on the fourth finger of my right hand". Michael Faux, who briefly worked for Paul Burrell in 2003, said the former butler had told him he removed a bloodstained engagement ring from the Princess's hand in the mortuary, but Mr Burrell denies this and there is no independent e


The MI6 plot

For the first time in a British courtroom, a former head of the Secret Intelligence Service, MI6, was called to give evidence. Sir Richard Dearlove said the suggestion of a plot to murder Princess Diana was "so absurd it is completely off the map." In his 38 years at MI6 the service had not killed anyone, he said, and it did not even keep a file on Princess Diana. The renegade former spy Richard Tomlinson told the inquest that he had seen details of a plot to kill a Balkan leader by blinding them with an intense flash in a road tunnel in Geneva, and whilst Sir Richard admitted the plan had been drawn up, it was "killed stone dead" because it was "so out of touch with service practice and ethos". His evidence was backed by no fewer than 10 spies, who all appeared, James Bond-style, under code letters or numbers, all of whom said MI6 was not in the assassination business.


The 'accomplices'

Mr Fayed's conspiracy theory relied on his claim that James Andanson, a paparazzo, was hired by MI6 to drive his white Fiat Uno into the Princess's Mercedes as it entered the tunnel. The presence of the Fiat was discovered through white paint marks on the Mercedes and broken glass from an Uno found in the tunnel, and the failure of the French police to trace the vehicle or its driver was the single biggest failing of their investigation. Accident investigator PC Tony Read said the crash was partly caused by Henri Paul's "overreaction" in trying to avoid the Fiat whilst driving at speed. The Fiat Uno has been described by Mr Fayed's spokesman, Michael Cole, as the "grassy knoll" of the tragedy, referring to the mound at the centre of conspiracy theories about the assassination of president John F Kennedy. But Mr Andanson's widow, Elisabeth, and son, James, said he was at home with them on the night of the crash, in Lignieres, 170 miles from Paris. Two witnesses who saw the Fiat after it left the tunnel picked out another man, taxi driver Le Van Thanh, from several photographs of possible drivers. His car was also discounted by French investigators but he is known to have resprayed his white Fiat just hours after the crash.

Mr Fayed also claimed Henri Paul, the driver of the Mercedes, was paid by MI6 to drive into the tunnel, citing the fact that he had £1,200 in his pocket when he died and £170,000 in the bank, despite having only a modest salary. The mystery of Mr Paul's cash was not resolved by the inquest, though his parents and colleagues said he would sometimes receive large tips from Ritz guests for doing them favours. Claims that CCTV cameras along the route had been switched off were also discounted - there were very few CCTV cameras in Paris in 1997, and those that were in action were privately-owned and directed at shop fronts to deter burglars.


The paparazzi

None of the photographers who followed Princess Diana's Mercedes from the Ritz Hotel to the Alma tunnel were prepared to give evidence to the inquest in person, but other witnesses present in the tunnel provided disturbing accounts of their behaviour. One witness, Olivier Partouche, a pedestrian, said he saw a "blocking car" trying to slow down the Mercedes so the paparazzi following on motorbikes could stay in range. Once the paparazzi got to the crash scene, they stood just feet away as they took photographs of the dying Princess and one of them, Romuald Rat, was said by another witness to have opened the door of the car before shouting to another paparazzo "she's dead, hurry up". Mr Rat offered pictures of the dying princess to the Sun newspaper, which agreed in principle to buy them for £300,000 before the seriousness of her injuries became clear. Seven of the paparazzi were arrested on suspicion of involuntary manslaughter, but all were cleared of blame in 1999 after a report on the accident was published by French investigators.


The humiliation of Paul Burrell

Paul Burrell, who was Princess Diana's personal butler for five years and described himself as her "rock" and the "hub" of her social network, should have been the inquest's pivotal witness, as the person best placed to answer questions about possible conspiracies. But during his three days in the witness box he became so evasive when asked about some of his own past behaviour that he was eventually branded "a liar" by the coroner, who told the jury it was "blindingly obvious" he had tailored his evidence because "whatever he said might have an impact on his future enterprises".

Mr Burrell, 43, who had started his evidence by boasting of his close relationship with the Queen, the Duke of Edinburgh and, of course, Princess Diana, left the witness box three days later with his reputation in tatters. He admitted to secretly copying private correspondence between Princess Diana and the Duke of Edinburgh, then publishing it, without permission, in his books. The coroner described this as "pretty shabby" behaviour, while one barrister mocked him as "a porous rock" because of the number of secrets he had leaked. Mr Burrell was then caught on tape admitting to a friend that he had not told "the whole truth" at the inquest and had thrown in "red herrings". The coroner ordered him to return to the inquest to explain himself, but Mr Burrell refused, and now faces an investigation for perjury.

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William and Harry welcome verdict after jury blames paparazzi and Paul
By Gordon Rayner and Andrew Pierce  08/04/2008

Princes William and Harry were hoping last night that 10 years of speculation over the death of their mother, Diana, Princess of Wales, would finally end after a jury decided that she was unlawfully killed. After six months of extraordinary claims and counter-claims, the inquest jury decided that the paparazzi who pursued the Princess's car through Paris and its driver Henri Paul, who had been drinking, were both to blame for the crash because of their "gross negligence".  Sources close to the Princes said they were "optimistic" that the verdict would draw a line under the countless conspiracy theories about the accident in 1997. "They just want it to end after all this time," a source said.

In a statement issued by Clarence House last night, the Princes said they agreed with the verdict and thanked witnesses who had given evidence that had "in many cases reawakened their painful and personal memories". Trevor Rees, the former bodyguard who survived the crash despite suffering severe injuries, was singled out for praise and the Princes expressed their "profound gratitude" to the medical staff who fought in vain to save their mother's life.

By a majority of 9-2, the jury at the Royal Courts of Justice in London returned verdicts of unlawful killing on both the Princess and her boyfriend Dodi Fayed - the equivalent of manslaughter in a criminal court.  It means that after two exhaustive investigations, and with an estimated £10?million of taxpayers' money spent on the unprecedented inquest, the blame has once again been attached to the very people who were accused within minutes of the Princess being declared dead.

But the paparazzi - 10 of whom were arrested after the crash - will not face fresh legal proceedings in France, as a police investigation there cleared them of any criminal responsibility, a decision that was upheld on appeal. Yesterday's verdicts were rejected by Mohamed Fayed, who maintained that Princess Diana and his son Dodi were "murdered" by MI6 on the orders of the Duke of Edinburgh.

Last night, a poll suggested that almost a third of Britons still agree with him, despite the coroner, Lord Justice Scott Baker, declaring that there was "not a shred of evidence" in support of the conspiracy theories. The survey for BBC2's Newsnight showed that although 62 per cent of people believed the crash was simply a tragic accident, 31 per cent thought there was "something suspicious" about it. Only 19 per cent thought the estimated £10 million the inquest cost the taxpayer was money well spent.

Rosa Monckton, one of the Princess's closest friends and a witness at the inquest, said she hoped the public would now remember Diana for her "extraordinary" work with hospices and children's charities and not simply the "sordid six weeks" she spent with the Fayed family before her death. "What I really very much hope is that people will eventually forget [this] and if they do remember then that they also remember that this was only six weeks out of her life.  "I think that has been forgotten because the focus has been on only six weeks of a truly extraordinary life. I think it has been incredibly intrusive. Much of her life has come into the public domain which should never have been there."

Princess Diana, who was 36, and Dodi Fayed, 41, died after the Mercedes S280 in which they were travelling ran head-on into a pillar in the central reservation of the Alma underpass in Paris, a blackspot.

Following six months of evidence from more than 250 witnesses, the jury decided that the couple were unlawfully killed through a combination of the gross negligence of Henri Paul, who was speeding and was more than three times the French drink-drive limit, and the paparazzi.

The jury also concluded that the couple might have lived if they had worn seatbelts.

Earl Spencer, the Princess's brother, said at her funeral that she had been "hunted" to her death and accused newspaper editors of having "blood on their hands".

Lord Justice Scott Baker, the coroner, had specifically instructed the jurors to reject conspiracy theories that the accident was staged.

However a defiant Mohamed Fayed, who had pledged to accept the jury's findings, served notice that his campaign to prove an Establishment assassination plot would continue.  "The most important thing is it's murder," he said. "The verdicts will come as a blow to the many millions of people around the world who supported my struggle. I thank them."

Mr Fayed cannot appeal against the verdict but he can apply to the courts for it to be quashed and for a new inquest to be held. His spokesman said that he was "keeping all our options open".  Mr Fayed has been accused by such senior figures as Baroness Butler-Sloss, who stepped down as coroner to the inquests in 2007, of using his wealth to hold up the inquest process for almost 10 years through a series of legal challenges. He has responded as saying that the Princess would have wanted the inquest, but Miss Monckton said: "I think that is all part of Mr Fayed's fantasy and all part of him not wanting to believe the truth and not wanting to accept that it was just an accident."

The inquest came after a lengthy French legal process and a separate British police investigation led by Lord Stevens the former Metropolitan Police Commissioner. Both inquiries concluded that the crash was a tragic accident caused by Mr Paul, the acting head of security at the Ritz Hotel in Paris, driving too fast while under the influence of alcohol.

Lord Stevens said: "I hope this can bring closure to what has been a traumatic event for a lot of people. Mr Fayed has said that he will accept the verdict of the jury. "The verdict has been clear. They have said they are absolutely sure that there is no conspiracy in relation to this matter. "I do hope everybody will take this verdict as being closure to this particular tragic incident and the people who have died will be allowed to rest in peace."

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Tragic waste of time and money
Editorial Telegraph 08/04/2008

Given the nature of her life, there was never any likelihood that the death of Diana, Princess of Wales would be allowed to pass unchallenged into history as something so prosaic as a car accident. Almost from the moment the Mercedes in which she was travelling with her companion Dodi Fayed crashed in a Paris tunnel in August 1997, the conspiracy theorists have had a field day, sustained throughout by the bloody-minded determination of one man to prove something that all sensible people knew to be nonsense.

Mohamed Fayed was understandably grief-stricken by the loss of his son. But his efforts in the intervening years to sully the reputations of the Royal Family, the security and intelligence services, the Metropolitan police, the British judicial system, sundry diplomats and, indeed, anyone who did not share his paranoid convictions, have long since destroyed any residual sympathy for his predicament. His persistent legal challenges to the medical and judicial conclusions of the French authorities were the principal reason why it has taken so long to hold an inquest. The bizarre spectacle of MI6 officers being asked in the High Court of Justice whether they had received instructions from the Duke of Edinburgh to assassinate his erstwhile daughter-in-law owed everything to a perceived need to assuage Mr Fayed's ludicrous fantasies.

The resulting inquest, which should have been a dignified and sombre affair, became a circus. This is not meant as a criticism of Lord Justice Scott-Baker, who has handled this extraordinary event with professionalism and skill. In order to scotch the wilder theories propounded by Mr Fayed, the coroner has allowed them all to be aired, however unedifying the spectacle and despite the further anguish thereby inflicted upon the Princess's two sons. Mr Fayed was never willing to confront the most plausible cause of the tragedy: that the Ritz driver Henri Paul, his judgment impaired by drink, drove too fast in the underpass and crashed the car which his employer suggested he should drive.

Now, more than a decade after the crash, the inquest has returned a verdict of unlawful killing due to the gross negligence both of Mr Paul and the paparazzi who were pursuing the Mercedes. Mr Fayed has nowhere else to go. It is tempting to suggest that he should now be required to pay the £10 million costs to the taxpayer of the inquest and of Lord Stevens's separate inquiry that also concluded the crash had been an accident.

There is, too, a strong case for charges of perjury to be brought against those whom the coroner said had lied to the inquest. But this would simply prolong what has already been a colossal and distressing waste of time. This must stop here: let the victims of this tragic affair now rest in peace.

See also
On Princess Diana's death
Did MI6 kill Princess Diana?
The Diana myth

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